Alibaba experienced a rough ride over the past two years after Beijing decided to clip the wings of the country’s Big Tech firms in the name of curbing “disorderly expansion” of capital. It was slapped with an 18.2 billion yuan (US$2.6 billion) antitrust fine for “monopolistic behaviour”, while some of its biggest live-streaming influencers were removed due to alleged tax fraud.
The company’s market capitalisation has lost two thirds from its peak in October 2020, and is now just a quarter of Amazon’s – a far cry from five years ago when the market value of Alibaba exceeded that of Amazon. In the first three quarters of 2022, Alibaba’s workforce shrank by about 15,000.
Carmen Zhu, senior analyst at research firm Frost & Sullivan, said the slowdown in domestic economic growth and weak online consumption has taken a toll on Taobao and Tmall’s advertising commission income.
File photo taken June 18, 2020, shows Daniel Zhang Yong, chairman and CEO of Alibaba, speaking at the ceremony for a joint venture to develop the electronic World Trade Platform in Yiwu, Zhejiang province. Photo: Handout
Alibaba’s rapport with the Chinese government – in particular local authorities – quickly fizzled out amid Beijing’s regulatory scrutiny. One employee at Alibaba, who declined to be named, said visits by local government delegations to the company’s Hangzhou campus “nearly disappeared” after Alibaba came under an antitrust probe in late 2020.
A turnaround, however, is underway. The newly appointed communist party secretary of Zhejiang, Yi Lianhong, visited the Alibaba campus this month and urged the company to “strive to be a model student” in development. The visit came on the heels of a Chinese leadership pledge that the country’s Big Tech platform enterprises, such as Alibaba, would be encouraged to “fully display their capabilities” in growth, job creation and international competition.
During a conference call in mid-November, when China was still under Beijing’s strict zero-Covid policy, Alibaba chairman Zhang said an end to the controls would benefit Alibaba on multiple business fronts. “[An easing] would all be very positive going forward,” Zhang said. After China abruptly ended its zero-Covid measures in early December, consumer spending is expected to gradually recover from a low base in November, when retail sales shrank 5.9 per cent compared to a year earlier.
View of an Alibaba Group Holding cloud data centre. Photo: Handout
Meanwhile, the heyday of Alibaba, when it could report revenue growth above 30 per cent, may not return any time soon as competition from short video platforms such as Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok, and traditional rivals like JD.com, remains fierce at home. Further, the company faces difficulties in cracking overseas markets.
“Douyin has been Alibaba’s strongest competitor in the past year, especially its [e-commerce business] in the clothes and make-up category,” Yang said.
“Alibaba Cloud’s non-internet business accounted for 58 per cent of the latest quarter’s financial report, indicating that Alibaba Cloud is moving from internet-based businesses to thousands of industries,” Frost & Sullivan’s Zhu said.
