Can China’s emerging Mideast role build momentum for lasting Israeli-Palestinian peace?

During his meeting with Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas in Beijing earlier last month, Chinese President Xi Jinping restated China’s willingness to “play a positive role” to solve the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, one of the world’s most enduring conflicts.

Weeks later, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu confirmed that he had received an invitation for an official visit to China. While it remained unclear if or when the trip would take place, it has raised speculation that Beijing may step in to resolve the conflict.

The peace process between Israelis and the Palestinians has been stalled since 2014, and hopes for a resumption of talks have dimmed as violence in the West Bank has escalated over the past year. The negotiations, which envision the formal establishment of a Palestinian state, have become increasingly uncertain as doubts grow about the credibility of the political leadership of 87-year-old Palestinian Authority president Abbas.

Making peace is like dancing, and you need two dancers, but unfortunately, the situation in Israel is not conducive Fariz Mehdawi, Palestinian ambassador

Meanwhile, Israel, which has been pushing to expand Jewish settlements in occupied land, remains mired in political crisis as its hardline nationalist government seek to curb the power of the Supreme Court to overrule government actions, triggering months of mass protests from those opposed to the judicial reform.

Mehdawi acknowledged that the situation for any mediation effort at the moment was difficult.

“Making peace is like dancing, and you need two dancers, but unfortunately, the situation in Israel is not conducive,” Mehdawi said at the embassy in Beijing.

“We can safely say as Palestinians now don’t have a partner right now with whom we are going to make peace,” he said, adding that the political division within Israel had made peace negotiations more challenging.

“It’s not a favourable situation at this moment, and I think this is where the dilemma [for] China comes.”

Meanwhile, a major geopolitical realignment is taking place in the Middle East, with Beijing’s role as a power broker boosted after it helped to restore diplomatic ties between rivals Saudi Arabia and Iran, easing years of animosity between the Sunnis and Shia Muslim-dominated countries.

Palestinian ambassador to China Fariz Mehdawi says Beijing’s diplomatic role between Iran and Saudi Arabia was “a remarkable achievement” in helping to stabilise the Middle East. Photo: Simon Song

“When [they deal] with the Middle East, both countries have potential and leverage there, and we are in the region also having open minds towards both,” he said. “We would love to see how the US will be able to welcome those Chinese initiatives and work with them in a positive manner, instead of seeing it as an attempt to compete with them. There is no need for competition.”

In June, Chinese and Palestinian leaders announced that the two sides had elevated diplomatic relations to a strategic partnership, with pledges of deeper cooperation ranging from political and economic to tourism and technology.

Under a memorandum of understanding signed in February, Mandarin will be taught in various Palestinian universities.

Further cooperation with China will have to overcome formidable challenges, since the Palestinian territories are still under occupation, but Mehdawi noted the political will on both sides was strong.

Meanwhile, the two sides were ready to conclude negotiations over a Chinese-Palestinian free-trade agreement “soon”.

“Palestine doesn’t have a huge market, and I think the Chinese side is quite generous to meet us on very good and very friendly terms. That would help to see that Palestinian products would find their way into the Chinese market.”

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