He said in future “the risks and challenges we face will only increase and become more severe”.
Xi’s criticism came as tensions between China and the US showed no signs of cooling despite talks between their leaders.
A planned visit to China by US Secretary of State Antony Blinken in early February was called off in the heat of accusations that Beijing had been spying with a balloon – claims Beijing denied. It was followed by weeks of further accusations between the two powers, dashing hopes for a reset in their relations.
“In the face of profound and complex changes in the international and domestic environment, we must remain calm, maintain concentration, strive for progress while maintaining stability, take action, be united and dare to struggle,” Xi said.
To that end, China will overhaul its mechanisms for allocating and using government research funds and will “grant scientists a greater say when it comes to determining technological road maps and spending research funds”, according to a budget report released by the Ministry of Finance.
Xi also stressed the importance of the private sector to China’s economy, and urged companies to strengthen innovation and play a bigger role in establishing technological independence. China would support technology platform companies to create jobs, expand consumption and compete globally, Xi said.
It is a long way from November when Xi and his US counterpart Joe Biden met for their face to face meeting in Biden’s presidency, during which both sides pledged to maintain communication.
At that meeting, Xi told Biden Taiwan was the “very core of China’s core interest” and the “first red line” that must not be crossed. Xi also said suppression would only “boost the morale of the Chinese people” and starting a technology war undermined international trade rules.
In a separate panel discussion on the sidelines of the NPC on Sunday, Xi reiterated the need to achieve “technological self-reliance and advancement”.
“In the face of fierce international competition, we must carve out new tracks for development, create new momentum and develop new strengths … All these rely on technology, fundamentally,” Xi said.
“We must deepen scientific and technological reform, cultivate an innovative culture, improve the evaluation system and incentive mechanism and create a good environment for talent to stand out and expand capability.”
